I knew the basics, but most of this is quite advanced.
The computational power required is enormous. Graphics cards use hundreds of watts of power. (My mini-computer has a processor with a TDP of only 55 watts.)
In the 1980s, I tried to do simple 3D graphics on 8-bit and 16-bit computers. Since I had at most 16 colors to work with, no advanced shading was possible.
On the Timex Sinclair 1000, which was an 8-bit 16K back-and-white computer, I managed to create a low-res black-and-white 3D rotating object stored in the computer's memory. I then could display the rotating object. It was an impressive effect for such a simple machine.
I accomplished similar effects on the more advanced Timex Sinclair 2068 color computer. I also did some simple 3D effects on the Atari ST computer.
The 8-bit machines were capable of about 500 floating point calculations per second. The Xbox Series X console is capable of 12 trillion per second. The advanced graphics card featured in the video is capable of 33 trillion.
